Little is known about the origins or history of the Barca family prior to the Punic Wars. #1. According to one line of thought,[60] the Carthaginian army order of march had the War Elephants leading the column, with the light troops and cavalry behind the elephants. To preempt the danger he issued a challenge in front of the city for single combat between him and the Skaven horde. Hamilcar Barca or Barcas ( c. 275-228 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman, leader of the Barcid family, and father of Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago. [112] It is possible that Hamilcar died battling the Vettoni, who lived across the Tagus west of Toledo and to the north of Turduli and northwest of Oretani territory. [78] This event may have taken place as early as 241 BC or more likely in 237 BC. The riches from these campaigns were channelled back to Carthage. We contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from the atmosphere and we offset our team's carbon footprint. Lance Serge states that Hamilcar's family was part of the landed aristocracy of Carthage. [4] Unfortunately Tony Bath omits references. Monolito Amilcar Elche Sierra.jpg 640 480; 43 KB. Legend suggests that before he embarked upon the Spanish campaign, Hannibals father (Hamilcar Barca) required the nine year old Hannibal to pledge his ever-lasting hatred of Rome. After the siege of Helice and betrayed by local allies, Hamilcar retreated and drowned while crossing a river in the winter of 229/228 BCE. It was probably some distance from Carthage because, while Hamilcar blockaded the valley exits and waited for the rebels to starve, Matho's army at Tunis did not intervene although the trapped rebels held out awaiting his arrival. There are several versions to what happened next: Orissus offered to aid Hamilcar, then attacked the Punic army, and Hamilcar drowned during a retreat across the Jucar river;[114] the Oretani sent ox-driven carts to the Carthaginian position, then set them on fire and Hamilcar died in the resulting melee;[115] Hamilcar accepted an offer to parley, then led the enemy in one direction while Hannibal and Hasdrubal Barca fled in the opposite direction. The traditional historiography up to the 80's interpreted the Carthaginian policy on the Iberian Peninsula at the end of the VI century BC as basically one of imperial domination directed at replacing the Phoenician presence by direct Carthaginian control. Valerius Maximus has Hamilcar speak of "four lion's whelps which I have raised to exterminate the Roman name. 270 a.C. - 228 a.C.) foi um estadista e general cartagins responsvel pela conquista da Hispnia por Cartago. Newest results. According to Appian, Hamilcar was thrown from his horse and drowned in a river,[116] but Polybius says he fell in battle in an unknown corner of Iberia against an unnamed tribe. General who assumed command of the Carthaginian forces in Sicily during the last years of the First Punic War with Rome (264-241 BC). Hamilcar's victory opened communication with Utica, and gave Hamilcar the chance to bring nearby towns under Carthaginian control by force or negotiations. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Our mission is to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Hasdrubal the Fair then took over command of the Carthaginian army. Hamilcar retired to Carthage after the peace treaty in 241BC, following the defeat of Carthage. Hamilcar Barca Conquers Iberia Hamilcar Barca had received much of the blame for causing the Truceless War, owing to the unrealistic promises he made to his troops while leading Carthaginian forces in Sicily. Carthaginian leadership requested terms to the victorious Roman commander, Gaius Lutatius Catulus and authorised Hamilcar Barca to open negotiations, probably to avoid the responsibility of the defeat. The end finally came on 10th March 241 BCE when the Romans defeated a Carthaginian fleet led by Hanno sent to relieve the besieged city of Drepana off the Aegates Islands (Isole Egadi). One historian commented that had he not been the father of Hannibal, Hamilcar's Sicilian front might have received scant notice. The town, called Helike, is commonly identified with Elche, but given that it is situated close to Hamilcar's base at Akra Leuke from which he could readily draw reinforcement, it cannot be the place where the following events unfolded. Hamilcar commanded the Carthaginian land forces in Sicily from 247 BC to 241 BC, during the latter stages of the First Punic War. He was appointed commander in chief in Sicily in 247 B.C., when, after 18 years of fighting, the Carthaginian forces were at their lowest. [54], The rebels held the hills to the west of Carthage and the only bridge across the Bagradas river leading to Utica. License. Hamilcar ( Punic: , MLK) [1] was a general who succeeded to the command of the Carthaginians in the First Punic War. Hamilcar commanded the Carthaginian land forces in Sicily from 247 BC to 241 BC, during the latter stages of the First Punic War. America's Black dilemma He kept his army intact and led a successful guerrilla war against the Romans in Sicily. [57] As the two rebel forces came into clear sight the Carthaginians wheeled, and marched away. Hamilcar Barca | Father of Hannibal and Enemy of Rome | Carthaginian History 2,359 views Apr 22, 2022 144 Dislike Share Serapeum 2.07K subscribers I guess this can be counted as the spiritual. Then the enterprising Hamilcar Barca came to the fore. He was the father of Hannibal Barca who continued his father's tactics and won major land battles in Italy during the Second Punic War. When Hannibal was 17 years old, however, his father was killed in an ambush in Spain, which was primarily under the rule of the North African empire. [33] Hamilcar managed to inflict severe casualties on the Romans soon after, and when the Roman consul requested a truce to bury his dead, Hamilcar replied that his quarrel was with the living only and the dead had already settled their dues, and granted the truce.[34]. If evidence in the urban structure of Castelo Branco and the city walls with their arches confirms its Carthaginian . Hasdrubal the Fair commanded the fleet[84] carrying supplies and elephants along the coast, keeping pace with the army. [99] Iberian and Celtiberian tribes were not under any unified leadership at this time and were warlike, although some had absorbed varying degrees of Greek and Punic cultural influence. Hannibal was inclined to the god, Apollo. Syracuse redoubled the volume of supplies sent to Carthage. Hamilcar Barca (c. 285 - c. 228 av. Having secured control over the mines, and the river routes of Guadalquiver and Guadalete giving access to the mining area, Gades began to mint silver coins from 237 BC. [59] The modern historian Dexter Hoyos stresses that "[s]uch manoeuvres were about the simplest that any army could learn, once it mastered the absolute basics of marching in formation". Quoting Tony Bath, "The Barca family, which originally came from Cyrene, was a powerful one but not at that time among the first families of Carthage". Updates? Hamilcar had split his forces in the winter of 228 BC, Hasdrubal the Fair was sent on a separate campaign, while Hamilcar besieged an Iberian town, then sent the bulk of his troops to winter quarters at Akra Leuke. While Hamilcar won no large-scale battle or recaptured any cities lost to the Romans, he waged a relentless campaign against the enemy, and caused a constant drain on Roman resources. Hamilcar Barca gathered the Carthaginian soldiers from Drepana and Eryx at Lilybaeum, surrendered his command,[48] returned to Carthage and retired to private life, leaving Gisco and the Carthaginian government to pay off his soldiers. Spendius rallied his forces, was reinforced by a detachment largely made of Gauls under Autaritus and shadowed Hamilcar as he advanced south east, keeping to the high ground to avoid Carthaginian elephants and cavalry and harassing their enemy at every possible opportunity. #1. Hannibal Barca was probably a black Carthaginian military commander; he became famous for his crossing of the Alps, his strategic brilliance before taking on major campaigns, his tactical genius on the battlefield, and his operational prowess during combat. This army was small for leading a sortie against the stronger rebel forces, especially to lead into a pitched battle. The Carthaginians will evacuate all Sicily. Our publication has been reviewed for educational use by Common Sense Education, Internet Scout, Merlot II, OER Commons and School Library Journal. Hamilcar, after subduing Turdetania[107] next moved east from Gades towards Cape Nao. Hamilcar Barca or Barcas (c. 275 - 228 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman, leader of the Barcid family, and father of Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago. Was Hanno a Barca? was a great Carthaginian general and statesman in the First Punic War who firmly established Carthaginian rule in Spain. [25] On his return he seized a strong position on Mount Ercte (Monte Pellegrino, just north of Palermo or Mt. All his family members were employed in the army and made major contributions to . This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. Themes. [11] It was to be seven years before Rome again attempted to field a substantial fleet.[12][13]. [111] The Romans withdrew and did not bother the Carthaginians in Spain until 226 BC. The Iberian army fled before the battle was joined. J.-C.). Hamilcar had at least three daughters and at least three sons. Hamilcar had three sons, Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago, who were all to have distinguished military careers. [117], In eight years, Hamilcar had secured an extensive territory in Hispania by force of arms and diplomacy, but his premature death in battle (228 BC) denied Carthage a complete conquest. Hamilcar Barca is a legendary purple general in Evony The King's Return. Hamilcar's army either crossed the Straits of Gibraltar into Iberia from West Africa[88] or, having returned to Carthage after the African activities, sailed along the African coast to Gades. Hamilcar was a young man of 28 when he received the Sicilian command in 247 BC. An unnamed fourth son is often referred to, but details are lacking. Training for the army was obtained in some Numidian forays, then Hamilcar marched the army westwards to the Pillars of Hercules. In expanding his power to the European continent, Hamilcar reinvigorated the Carthaginian empire, regained needed resources, and prepared a base for renewing war against Rome, which his son Hannibal would famously do in the Second Punic War. The Skaven warlord Ikrit accepted, but revealed only a clanrat . 2 Although before his arrival the Carthaginians were faring badly by land, and sea, wherever he was present in person he never yielded . Hamlicar bristled at the terms of the treaty, which obligated Carthage to pay Rome a huge indemnity and to surrender all land in Sicily. To forestall any such event, rebels committed an act of cruelty unpardonable by Carthage. Castellacio, 7 miles north-west of Palermo),[26] and not only maintained himself against all attacks, but carried on with his seaborne raids ranging from Catana[27] in Sicily to as far as Cumae in central Italy. Because of his place in military history, people often question his origin and black African ethnicity. Punic survivors fled, and all their baggage was captured along with Hannibal and thirty Carthaginian senators. He distinguished himself during the First Punic War in 247, when he took over the chief command in Sicily, which at . 143; Miano, Diccion. Hamilcar, furious that Sicily had been given up too soon, while he had been undefeated,[77] could rely on support from this party. They had remained in power throughout the Mercenary War and had advocated Hanno's position over Hamilcar's more than once. The Carthaginian's, in any case, continued campaigning in Spain. Hamilcar & the Barcid line would dominate the Carthaginian political & military arenas for the next 35 years. Amlcar Barca [1] (ca. World History Encyclopedia, 01 Jun 2016. The Encyclopedia of Military Biography; Trevor N. Dupuy and others; 1995. Neither side would seek to recruit soldiers, levy tribute or build public buildings on the other power's territories. Hamilcar's move away from the traditional naval power of Carthage to a land force was reaping fantastic rewards. This is the second and most important cause of the. found: The Encyclopedia Americana, c1992: p. 736 (Hamilcar Barca, d. 229 B.C. As Carthage no longer had the resources for a large army, he could not face the enemy in an all-out battle, but he did manage to capture Eryx in 244 BCE, which became his new base. Hamilcar Barca was a daring, intelligent young man. He is responsible for designing and . After the trapped rebels ran out of food, pack animals and cavalry horses and finally resorted to cannibalism, Spendius, Autaritus and Zarzas, accompanied by seven others, went to Hamilcar's camp to seek terms. More About Hamilcar: Astrological Sign: Aries: Date of birth: April 6, 1964: Religion . Sicily. Still, without a significant force at his disposal (fewer than 20,000 men) and despite Polybius' praise that he was the best Carthaginian general of the war, Hamilcar's effect on the conflict was ultimately a limited one. [106] Hamilcar now had the means to pay for his mercenary army and also to ship silver ore to Carthage to help pay off the war indemnity. Certainly, tribute in money, if not men, was extracted from local cities and new silver mines were worked. 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